Pelvic pain and pain with intercourse

Pelvic pain refers to discomfort in the lower abdomen or pelvis area. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, both acute and chronic. Some causes are gender-specific, while others can affect people regardless of gender.

Possible Causes of Pelvic Pain:

1. Gynecological causes (specific to females):
   • Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea)
   • Endometriosis: Tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of it.
   • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): Infection of the female reproductive organs.
   • Fibroids: Non-cancerous growths in the uterus.
   • Ovarian cysts
   • Ectopic pregnancy: A pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus, typically in a fallopian tube.
   • Miscarriage
   • Mittelschmerz: Pain associated with ovulation.
   • Chronic pelvic pain: This can sometimes have no identifiable cause.
2. Gastrointestinal causes:
   • Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix.
   • Diverticulitis: Inflammation or infection of small pouches in the bowel.
   • Colitis: Inflammation of the colon.
   • Constipation
   • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
   • Colon cancer
3. Urinary causes:
   • Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
   • Bladder infection
   • Kidney stones
   • Interstitial cystitis: A chronic bladder condition that causes frequent urination and pain.
4. Musculoskeletal causes:
   • Hernia
   • Pelvic floor muscle spasm or tension
5. Others:
   • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
   • Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland, specific to males)
   • Pregnancy complications
   • Post-operative or post-traumatic pain